Thomas taylor



(No Model.)

' T. TAYLOR.

LOCK.

No. 408,147. Patented July 30, 1889".

N PETERS. PholmLilhogr-Aphnn Washinglan. D4 0 UNITED STATES PATENTQ-FFICE.

THOMAS TAYLOR, OF SOUTH NORXVALK, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE NORlVALKLOCK COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,147, dated July 30,1889.

Application filed March 25, 1889. Serial No. 304,637. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS TAYLOR, of South Norwalk, in the county ofFairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement inLocks; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connectionwith accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon,to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and

which said drawings constitute part of this specification, andrepresent, in

Figure 1, a perspective view of a lock with the tube attached; Fig. 2, aface view of the lock mechanism, showing the face-plate in verticalsection and the inner end of the tube, representing the tube as engagedwith the setscrew to hold it in place; Fig. 3, the same as Fig. 2,showing the tube disengaged; Fig. 4, a horizontal section above thetube-engaging dog, looking downward; Fig. 5, a longitudinal centralsection through the tube, cylinder, and tumblers; Fig. 6, a transversesection of the same, showing face view of one of the tumblers with theparts in their normal position; Fig. 7, the same as Fig. 6, showing thetumblers as brought into position for unlocking; Fig. 8, the same asFig. 7, showing the cylinder as commencing its rotation; Fig. 9, atransverse section like Fig. 6, but showing the tumbler in the reverseposit-ion; Fig. 10, a side view of the key.

This invention relates to an improvement in that class of locks in whichthe mechanism is arranged in a tube to be introduced through the surfaceof the door, and so as to engage the mechanism of the lock in the dooror upon the reverse side of the door, accordingly as the lock may be amortise or rim lock.

The key mechanism is arranged in a cylinder in the tube, and in whichcylinder the key-hole is formed, and so that upon the insertion of thekey the cylinder may be rotated, and it being in connection with themechanism will operate the latch-bolt, and particularly to those locksof this class in which the engagement between the tube and cylinderismade by a series of radial pins arranged in the cylinder, and so as toengage corresponding seats in the tube when the cylinder is brought tothe locking position, the entrance of the key operating to draw the saidpins inward and out of engagement with the tube, so as to permit therotation of the cylinder.

The object of my invention is to provide the cylinder with a series oftumblers upon which the key will operate independent of the pins, and sothat the key cannot take a bearing upon the pins, and thereby avoid wearupon the pins, which ultimately interferes with the proper working ofthe lock; and the invention consists in the construction as hereinafterdescribed, and more particularly recited in the claims.

A represents the lock-case; B, the faceplate; C, the bolt; and D, thetube, represented in Fig. l. as screwed into its place in the case.

Broadly considered, this is the usual arrangement. Eccentrically throughthe tube a cylindrical recess is formed, in which the cylinder E isarranged in the usual manner, the end of the cylinder extending throughthe face of the tube, and so as to expose the key-hole, as seen in Figs.3 and 5, also in the usual manner.

The cylinder E is constructed with several transverse recesses,according to the number of tumblers required, and into these recessesthe tumblers 2, 3, 4., 5, and 6 (more or less in number) are introducedand hung upon a longitudinal pivot F, so as to swing transversely acrossthe key-hole or key-passage. In the plane of the key-hole the tumblersare each constructed with an opening G, through which the key may pass.These openings are greater in length than the width of the key. Thetumblers are each provided with a spring H, which rests upon a bearing 7or 8 in the cylinder, according to whether the tumblers are arranged toswing to the right or left, the tendency of the spring being to hold thetumblers in their normal position and against a bearing upon theopposite side, as represented in Fig. 6. The springs rest upon a bearing7 on one side, and the tumblers upon the bearing 8 on the opposite side;but the springs yield as the key is inserted, as inclicated in Fig. 7. v

In Fig. 9 a tumbler is represented as in the reverse direction from thatof Fig. 6, in which case the spring rests upon the bearing 8 and ICO -duce this inward movement.

the tumbler upon the bearing '7, consequently the movement of the twotumblers would be in the opposite direction. These tumblers may bearranged, a portion so as to swing in one direction and the remainder inthe opposite direction. The key bears only upon the spring end of thetumbler-key opening, consequently one edge of the key may be shapedwithout reference to the opposite edge, and as seen in Fig. 10. As aguide for the key and to support it in its proper central position, itis constructed with a longitudinal groove 9 on one side, and thekey-hole in the cylinder is constructed with a corresponding rib 10, sothat as the key is introduced it will ride upon this rod as a guide. Theopenings through the several tumblers vary in position, so that the keyoperates differently upon different tumblers, the difference of movementof the tumblers corresponding to the irregularities in the key. Eachtumbler is 0011- structed with a gate at, these gates being in suchrelation to each other and to their respective key-openings that whenthe key is inserted to its full extent the gates at will come into line,as usual in tumblers of this character- In the cylinder radial pins Iare setcorresponding to the respective tumblers, these pins being freeto move radially, as from the position in Fig. 6 to that seen in Fig. 8,each pin being provided with a spring J, the tendency of which is toforce the spring outward.

The interior of the tube D is constructed with seats K, into which theseveral pins may extend when the cylinder E is in its normal position,and as seen in Fig. 6. The outer ends of the pins are rounded, andthe'seats of corresponding shape, so that if the pins are free arotation imparted to the cylinder E will cause the pins to act inconnection'with the seats K as cams and force the pins inward. Normallythe tumblers stand with their'gates at out of line with their respectivepins, as seen in Figs. 6 and 9, and so that the inner ends of the pinsrest upon the periphery of their respective tumblers; but when thetumblers are'turned to bring the gates into line with their respectivepins, as seen in Fig. '7, then 'the pins are free to move inward and soas to bring theirinner ends into their respective gates, as in Fig. 8.

The key is inserted into the cylinder in the usual manner and so as tobring the tumblers into a position that their several gates willcorrespond to the respective pins. Then turning the key imparts acorresponding rotation to the cylinder, which forces the pins inwardinto their respective gates, as seen in Fig. 8, the movement of thecylinder causing a camlike action between the tube and pins to pro- Thepins then follow the inner surface of the tube until the locking orunlocking is produced, as the case may be, and the key returned, so asto bring the cylinder back to its normal position. The spring of thepins will force them into their through the face-plate.

respective seats, and then as the key is withdrawn the tumblers will,under the action of their respective springs, return to their normalposition. The end of the cylinder is constructed with the usual fingerL, by which to engage the lock-bolt.

The tube D is screw-threaded upon its outside, and the lock-casecorrespondingly screwthreaded. As usual in this class of locks, the tubeis constructed with a longitudinal groove M upon its side, also in theusualmanner, to afford means for preventing the rotation of the tubewhen once brought to its required position with relation to the lockmechanism. 7

To engage the tube, I introduce into the case a screw N, the head 0 ofwhich extends This screw is provided with a square or angular collar Pinside the face-plate, which prevents longitudinal movement of thescrew, but yet leaves the screw free to rotate. The screw is alsosupported in a suitable bearing R in the case, and between the screw andthe tube a sliding dog S is arranged, screw-threaded, corresponding tothe thread of the screw 0, and so that by turning the screw 0 the dogmay be forced inward to bring its nose into engagement with the groovein the tube, as seen in Fig. 2, or, turned in the opposite direction,will be drawn from that groove, as seen in Fig. 3. This dog is employedwhere the lock-case is constructed for the introduction of .the tubefrom each side, the dog extending acrossthe case, having a nose at each'side,' eitherof which is adapted to enter the groove'of the tubeaccordingly as the tube is. introduced from one side or the other. Thecollar P stands directly against oneedge of the bolthead 0, as seen inFig. 2, whenthe'bolt-head is in the drawn position. Consequently theangular shape of the collar prevents the rotation of the screw when thebolt is drawn;but when the bolt is thrown, as seen in Fig. 3, itssurface is taken outside the collar, and so as to leave the collar freeto be rotated.

I claim f 1. In a tubular lock, the combination of the tube D,constructed with a cylindrical longitudinal recess, a cylinder E,arranged longitudinally therein, having a key-hole opening at its outerend and its inner end adapted to en-. gage the lock-bolt mechanism, thecylinder constructed with one or more transverse recesses cutting acrossthe key-hole, .a tumbler hung in each of said transverse recesses, andso as to swing in a plane across the plane of the key-hole, each tumblerconstructed with an opening corresponding to the key-hole and throughwhich the key may pass, the tumblers each provided with a spring toyieldingly hold it in its normal position, each tumbler constructed witha gate upon its periphery, radial pins arranged in openings through thecylinderonto the periphery of the-tumblers, springs between the pins andthe tumblers,- the tendency of which is toforce the pins hole, thecylinder constructed with two or more transverse recesses cutting acrossthe key-hole, tumblers arranged in said recesses and hung upon a pivot,so as to swing therein across the plane of the key-hole, the tumblerseach constructed with an opening in line with the key hole, but of alength greater than the width of the key, a spring for each tumbler, anda bearing for the said spring, with a bearing upon the opposite sideagainst which the tumblers may rest and there yieldingly held by saidsprings, the periphery of the tumblers, each constructed with a gate a,pins 1, corresponding to the said tumblers and arranged in openingsthrough the cylinder onto the tumblers, each pin provided with a springthe tendency of which is to force the pin outward, the cylinderconstructed with seats K, adapted to receive the said pins when innormal position, and a key having its edges constructed of irregularshape and adapted to work against the end of the tumbler-openings towardthe said springs, substantially as described.

THOMAS TAYLOR. Witnesses:

CURTIS B. SMITH, JAooB M. LAYTON.

